Glossary
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ACH (air changes per hour) | Number of times a room's air volume is replaced in one hour |
| CIP (clean-in-place) | Cleaning process equipment with hot solutions without dismantling it |
| COP | Heat delivered ÷ electricity used |
| Defrost | Removing ice from the outdoor coil, usually by reversing the cycle briefly |
| Dew point | Temperature at which air becomes saturated and water condenses |
| Design ambient | Outdoor temperature used for sizing, usually a cold winter value |
| Emissivity (ε) | How well a surface radiates heat compared with a perfect radiator |
| Glycol | Antifreeze added to water circuits to prevent freezing |
| Legionella | Bacteria that grow in warm stagnant water and cause lung infection |
| Load profile | How demand varies hour by hour over a day |
| Make-up water | Fresh water added to replace evaporation and backwash losses |
| Recirculation loop | Pipe loop that keeps hot water moving so it reaches taps quickly |
| Recovery | Hot water the heat pump produces during a draw period |
| SMER | Specific moisture extraction rate: kg water removed per kWh |
| Temperature lift | Difference between source and delivery temperature |
| U-value | Heat flow through 1 m² per 1 K difference, W/m²K |
| Usable fraction | Share of tank volume available at useful temperature, typically 0.7–0.8 |
| Vapour pressure | Pressure exerted by water vapour; drives evaporation |
| Weather compensation | Control that lowers heating flow temperature on milder days |
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